tree care

Tree Care Terminology Explained: Tree topping vs pruning vs reduction vs crown thinning

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There’s a lot of lingo in our industry. As Arborists we might refer to a certain practice, but to the layman they might call it something else. Here’s a breakdown of some tree care terminology. 

Let’s start with “Tree Topping”

Is that an official term? Not in the arboriculture industry.

It’s a casual term that describes the practice of cutting back large branches to stubs, often considered harmful and outdated.

Tree Surgeon – Most common in places like Australia and UK.  For the most part, ‘Arborist’ = ‘tree care professional’ = ‘tree surgeon’.

ISA Arborist – An arborist certified by the International Society of Arboriculture,  trained and knowledgeable in a variety of aspects of arboriculture.

Tree Pruning – The selective removal of tree branches to improve structure, health, or aesthetics.

Crown Cleaning – Removing dead, dying, or diseased branches from the crown of the tree.

Crown Thinning – The selective removal of branches to reduce density, improve light penetration, and enhance airflow.

Crown Raising – Removing the lower branches to increase clearance beneath the tree for pedestrians, vehicles, or views.

Crown Reduction – Reducing the height or spread of the tree by cutting back to lateral branches while maintaining the tree’s shape.

Crown Restoration – Restoring the structure of a tree that has been poorly pruned or damaged.

Clearance pruning – similar to crown raising and safety pruning. It’s a type of tree pruning that involves reducing branches to provide clearance from buildings, electrical wires, neighbouring trees, and other structures.

Directional Pruning – Goes hand and hand with clearance pruning. Pruning branches to direct future growth away from structures, power lines, or other areas.

Structural Pruning – Developing a strong central leader and improving branch spacing, typically for young trees.

Reduction Pruning – closely related to Crown Reduction. A technique to reduce tree height or spread while preserving its natural form and structural integrity.

Pollarding – A pruning technique that involves cutting back the tree to the same points repeatedly, encouraging dense regrowth.

Vista Pruning (or View enhancement pruning) – Pruning to create or maintain a specific view.

Deadwooding – The removal of dead or dying branches for safety and tree health.

Cabling and Bracing – Installing hardware to support weak branches or trees at risk of structural failure.

Safety pruning – or risk mitigation pruning, focuses on identifying and eliminating dead, dying, or hazardous branches

Check out these other resources

Is diy tree pruning a good idea?

Winter tree care tips

Need support managing your trees?

Learn more about how Advantage Tree Care can help with Tree pruning services in Victoria.

Identifying and Managing Tree Diseases in Victoria, BC

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As a homeowner in Victoria, BC, understanding and addressing tree diseases is crucial for maintaining a healthy urban forest. At Advantage Tree Care, we’ve seen firsthand how early detection and proper management can save trees and preserve our city’s natural beauty. Here’s what you need to know about common tree diseases in our area.

Common Tree Diseases in Victoria, BC

Victoria’s wet, temperate climate makes trees vulnerable to several diseases. These ailments can affect leaves, bark, roots, and overall tree structure, often reducing their health and lifespan. Below are some of the most common diseases seen in the region, with symptoms and examples of how we’ve helped local trees recover.

1. Anthracnose

A fungal disease that thrives in damp conditions, anthracnose causes leaf discoloration and defoliation, primarily affecting hardwood trees.

  • Symptoms: Brown, irregular spots on leaves, leaf curling, and premature leaf drop.
  • Trees Affected: Maple, ash, and oak.

Management of anthracnose:

  • Prune and destroy infected branches
  • Improve air circulation by thinning the canopy
  • Apply fungicides in early spring before bud break

Example from the field: In Oak Bay, we treated a maple tree with blackened veins on its leaves following a particularly wet spring—textbook anthracnose symptoms.

2. Cytospora Canker

This disease infects stressed or weakened trees, creating sunken cankers on the bark and eventually killing branches.

  • Symptoms: Discoloured patches on bark that ooze resin; dead branches are common.
  • Trees Affected: Poplar and willow trees.

This year we cared for a poplar tree with resinous cankers and numerous dead limbs, helping to halt the spread through targeted pruning.

3. Root Rot (Armillaria)

A destructive disease caused by soil-borne fungi, root rot attacks a tree’s root system, often leading to structural instability.

  • Symptoms: Yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and mushrooms (commonly honey-colored) at the base.
  • Trees Affected: Cedar, hemlock, and fir.

Management of Root Rot:

  • Improve soil drainage
  • Avoid overwatering
  • In severe cases, remove the tree and treat the soil before replanting

Root rot is common and we get calls to deal with this regularly. At a home recently we addressed a cedar tree in Langford that exhibited weakened branches and clusters of mushrooms—a clear sign of root rot. We recommended soil treatments and selective tree removal to protect nearby healthy trees.

4. Powdery Mildew

This fungal disease is most recognizable by its white, powdery coating on leaves, which can weaken a tree over time.

  • Symptoms: A powdery white film on leaves, often in late summer or during humid conditions.
  • Trees Affected: Dogwoods, oaks, and crabapples.

Management of Powdery Mildew:

  • Prune to improve air circulation
  • Water at the base of the tree to keep foliage dry
  • Apply fungicides in severe cases

We dealt with a dogwood which had its leaves covered in a thick white layer. We pruned infected areas and advised better spacing to improve airflow around the tree.

How to Identify Tree Diseases

Regular monitoring is key to early detection. Look for:

  • Discoloured Leaves: Spots, streaks, or early leaf loss.
  • Unusual Growths: Galls, cankers, or fungi.
  • Branch Dieback: Dead or wilting branches.
  • Root Issues: Unstable leaning and soil disturbance at the base.

If symptoms persist or worsen, consult an arborist for a professional diagnosis. Our team at Advantage Tree Care offers comprehensive tree health inspections to accurately diagnose and address such issues.

Prevention Strategies

Preventing disease is more effective than treating it. Consider the following:

  • Choose Resistant Species: Most wont be in a position to choose their trees species, but if you are seek to plant trees that are less prone to local diseases. For example, Douglas fir is more resistant to root rot than cedar.
  • Proper Pruning: We all know pruning is a delicate task. Prune during dry weather to reduce infection risk. Ensure tools are sanitized between cuts to prevent pathogen spread. Learn more about pruning techniques.
  • Mulching and Watering: Apply mulch around trees, keeping it away from the trunk. Water deeply to avoid stress, especially during dry periods.

How to treat tree diseases

First, remove and destroy infected branches to prevent spread. Then try applying appropriate fungicides for manageable issues like powdery mildew.

In severe cases, such as root rot, may require systemic fungicides or tree injections administered by an arborist.

For highly infected or hazardous trees, removal may be necessary to protect nearby plants and structures. Our tree removal services ensure safe and efficient handling of such situations.

Parting words

It’s important to note that urban trees often face unique stressors that can make them more susceptible to disease. Factors such as soil compaction, limited root space, and exposure to pollutants can weaken trees, making early detection and proper care even more crucial in city environments.

I always emphasizes the importance of regular inspections and proactive care. By identifying these diseases early, we can often implement management strategies that save trees and preserve Victoria’s urban forest. Remember, if you notice any unusual symptoms in your trees, it’s best to consult with a professional arborist promptly to ensure the health and longevity of your urban greenery

Need support?

If you don’t have the time to investigate the issues yourself. We can assist. At Advantage Tree Care, our ISA Certified Arborists are equipped to handle complex tree health issues with expertise and care.

16 Tree Care Tips for Homeowners Ahead of Winter

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Daniel Chamberlain

Daniel Chamberlain is ISA certified Arborist and founded Advantage Tree Care in 2008. Dan has over 20 years of experience in the Tree Service industry, from his beginnings in New Zealand where he had previously been working as an arborist, holding the journeyman arborist qualification. As a well respected arborist in the industry, Daniel’s hard work ethic and welcoming attitude has made ATC a successful tree care company as well as a safe and fun place to work. View ISA Certified Arborist profile

With the cold and rainy season fast approaching the arborists are Advantage Tree Care share some of our knowledge on how to best protect your trees this winter.

Of course DIY tree care is totally amazing, and we always love to support homeowners who wish to tackle this themselves. However, we just want to express a reminder in ensuring safety, both for yourself and your trees. If anything feels like a bit too tricky, give your local tree services pros a call.

So here we go. 16 awesome tips as well as 2 expert insights.

Pruning a tree close to a house

Winter Tree Care Tips for your Property

If we strip it back to basics, what is it that trees need to survive and thrive?
Sunlight, water, nutrients, and air (carbon dioxide).

While some of the below tips will address these fundamentals parts of tree growth, we also offer tips to help in harsher environmental conditions.

  1. Inspect your trees: monitor for anything out of the ordinary. Premature leaf drop on deciduous trees, leaves with brown edges (leaf scorch), noticeable dead patches on large conifers (result of drought)
  2. Mulching: Think of mulch as a cozy blanket for the tree’s roots. Great for helping trees to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and prevent weed growth. Ensure you don’t pile the mulch against the trunk; leave a gap to prevent rot and pests.
  3. Watering: Trees still need water in winter, especially young ones. Our recommendation is to Water Deeply and Infrequently. Water them during dry spells, but avoid watering when the soil is frozen or when temperatures are extremely low.
  4. Pruning: Pruning is like a haircut for trees. It helps them grow better and look good. Dead or weakened branches should be removed to prevent them from breaking under the weight of snow or ice. This also directs energy to the healthier parts of the tree.
  5. Winter Wrapping: Especially for young trees, consider using a tree wrap, or white tree guards to protect them from frost, sunscald, and pests. Remove the wraps in spring to allow the tree to breathe.
  6. Guarding Against Frostbite – Young and newly planted trees are especially vulnerable. Use frost cloths or burlap to protect them during frosty nights.
  7. Protection from Wildlife: Small mammals like rabbits or rodents may chew on tree bark in winter when food is scarce. Protect trees with physical barriers, such as wire mesh, around the base of the trunk.
  8. Battling Winter Sunscald – This happens when the tree’s bark gets warm from the winter sun and then rapidly cools down at night, causing damage. Protective tree wraps can help.
  9. Fighting Winterburn – Winterburn is when needles or tree tips turn from green to brown. Wrapping, fertilizer, and hydration are good tree care practices to prevent it.
  10. Storm Damage and Hazardous Trees – Following a windstorm take a walk around your yard to look for any hazardous limbs. Inspect power lines, branches in close proximity to your home, and trees above sidewalks in front of your property.
  11. Avoid Salt Damage: If you use de-icing salts on nearby pathways, be mindful that runoff can harm trees. Opt for tree-friendly de-icing products or create a barrier to protect the tree’s root zone from salt exposure.
  12. Tree Stability: Check the stability of larger trees, especially those that have shown signs of leaning or have large, heavy branches. Snow and ice accumulation can cause these branches to break. Gently remove heavy snow from branches within reach to reduce pressure on that limb.
  13. Inspection of Roots and Soil: Examine the area around the tree roots for signs of erosion or soil compaction. These can affect a tree’s ability to absorb water and nutrients. Aeration might be necessary to improve soil conditions.
  14. Monitoring for Frost Heave: In areas where the ground freezes and thaws, watch for frost heave, which can disrupt the root system of young trees. Gently tamp down any raised soil.
  15. Fertilization: While heavy fertilization is generally not recommended in the fall, a mild, slow-release fertilizer can help some species prepare for the winter. However, this should be done based on specific tree species requirements.
  16. Professional Health Checks: If you notice something strange with your trees, it’s always good to consult with an arborist. They’ll be able to tell you if the issue is benign, or needs to be addressed.

Expert insights for effective winter tree care maintenance

Expert Insight #1: Inspect your trees

Take a walk around your garden. Look for signs of damage, pests, or diseases. Early detection is key, and absolutely critical for tree care management.  

After a dry summer and drought there are noticeable dead patches on many large conifers around the Victoria and neighbouring communities. 

On your own property you also may notice a few of your deciduous trees shedding leaves earlier than usual. And also some with brown edges on the leaves. The brown edges are indicative of leaf scorch, and premature leaf drop can indeed be a drought response. Trees drop leaves as a mechanism to reduce water loss through transpiration. It’s their way of conserving the little water they have. 

When a large number of leaves are harmed, the tree struggles to harness the necessary energy from the sun. This impacts the plant’s capacity to generate its own energy. This energy is vital for the tree’s growth and its ability to ward off illnesses.

Expert Insight #2: Prune Strategically

Dead or weakened branches should be removed to prevent them from breaking under the weight of snow or ice. An added benefit of this is that it also directs energy to the healthier parts of the tree and this reduces the risk of pest infestations or disease. DIY pruning has it’s challenges, makes sure read our post about it before you embark on a new years tree pruning mission yourself.

Hand-pruners-being-used-to-prune-fruit-tree

When to Prune: Pruning can happen at different points during the season, and it can depend on your tree species. For one, it can be a good time to prune a tree in the height of the growing season (after the rising Spring sap). At this point in the growing season the tree is at its maximum growth point and will be able to tolerate pruning. The next best time to prune is late fall and early winter because trees are dormant (i.e. they don’t consume energy and will have stopped growing until the following springtime). You’d need to find out more information about the trees on your property to determine best season for pruning.

How to Prune: Use sharp tools, make clean cuts, and avoid tearing the bark. Remember, always prune with a purpose, like removing dead branches or shaping the tree.

See related: 5 important things to know about tree pruning season

That’s a wrap.

Looking at the bigger picture, we won’t really know the extent of the damage to our trees until next spring, as we often see delayed mortality associated with drought and extreme summer weather. Unfortunately some of our epic Western red cedars are going to disappear from the area within the next 20 years, the drought is killing them off. 

So the onus is on us to take care of our trees, especially with changing weather patterns. With proper care, attention, and love, your trees will not just survive but thrive as they head into a new spring. If you have any more questions or concerns as we head into winter, don’t hesitate to reach out and speak with a tree care professional. For all your tree services needs in Victoria, Oak Bay, Saanich, Sidney, and Langford, contact Advantage Tree Care today to schedule a Free onsite inspection.

What exactly is tree topping? And is it bad for your trees?

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Tree topping, often referred to as “heading,” “tipping,” or “rounding over,” is a controversial pruning practice that involves cutting tree branches to stubs or to the trunk without regard for the tree’s natural structure. This method is sometimes used in an attempt to reduce the size of a tree, often for utility clearance, to reduce the risk of storm damage, or to obtain a particular aesthetic appearance. 

This practice is surrounded by myths and misconceptions, leading to confusion among homeowners. So we hope to clear up a few things about tree topping in this post, and help you understand what tree care solutions are the the most appropriate.

First, let’s clarify a few things misconceptions

Distinction Between Topping and Canopy Reduction

“Topping” in the traditional sense, can be characterized by indiscriminate large cuts. But “canopy reduction and risk mitigation”, emphasizing targeted, thoughtful pruning aimed at reducing risk without the detrimental impacts associated with topping.

Practicality of Heading Cuts in Certain Situations

“Heading cuts” (reducing the length of branches) can be practical and a good approach for mitigating risk in specific situations, as long as they’re done with consideration to the tree’s health and future growth.

Client Consultation and Risk Management

The importance of consulting with the client to discuss options for risk mitigation is highlighted. It shows a tailored approach to tree management, where the homeowner is informed of the risks and potential outcomes before deciding on a course of action. There’s room for professional judgment and variability in practices, depending on the situation and desired outcomes.

Learn more about tree assessment and inspection services.

Tree topping is widely considered harmful for several reasons

  1. Stress to the Tree: Topping can remove 50-100% of the leaf-bearing crown of a tree. Leaves are essential for photosynthesis, which is how trees produce the food necessary for their growth and health. Removing a large portion of leaves suddenly stresses the tree, forcing it to use its reserved energy to produce new growth.
  2. Vulnerability to Pests and Disease: The large, open wounds created by topping cuts are difficult for trees to heal. These wounds expose the tree’s inner tissues to pests and diseases, potentially leading to further damage or even death of the tree.
  3. Weak Regrowth: The new branches that grow in place of the topped branches are often weakly attached to the tree. These branches are more prone to breaking off, especially during high winds or storms, posing a risk to safety and property.
  4. Ugly and Unnatural Appearance: Topped trees often appear disfigured and unsightly. The natural shape of the tree is lost, and it may never fully recover its former beauty.

What else is important to know about Tree Topping?

There are a few other things to take into consideration.

  • Long-Term Costs: While topping might seem like a quick fix to reduce the size of a tree or clear branches from power lines, it can lead to increased maintenance costs over time. The tree may require more frequent pruning to manage the weak, erratic growth that topping encourages.
  • Tree’s Defense Mechanism: Trees have a natural defense mechanism against injury, called compartmentalization, where they seal off wounds to protect against disease and decay. Topping cuts are often too large for the tree to effectively seal, leaving it vulnerable to pathogens and pests.
  • Stress-Induced Growth: While topping dramatically reduces a tree’s size initially, it can lead to vigorous and fast growth as the tree tries to replace its lost leaf area. This growth is not only unsightly but also weak, making the tree more hazardous in the long term.

SEE RELATED: Is DIY pruning a good idea?

Alternative Pruning Techniques

Arborist pruning oak tree

There are several pruning techniques, such as crown thinning, crown raising, and crown reduction, that can achieve homeowners’ goals without damaging the tree.

These healthier pruning techniques that can help manage the size and shape of trees without compromising their health or structural integrity. These methods include thinning, which removes some branches entirely to allow light and air to penetrate the canopy, and reduction, which shortens the length of the branches in a way that preserves the tree’s natural form and promotes healthy growth.

Benefits of Pruning and Canopy Height Reduction

There are benefits of reducing the height of a tree’s canopy in certain scenarios, particularly as a preferable alternative to tree removal. This suggests that strategic pruning can be a viable option for managing tree health and safety without resorting to more drastic measures.

Education and Communication

The importance of differentiating between harmful practices like topping and more thoughtful, strategic pruning methods is emphasized. This points to the need for educating homeowners and the public about the nuances of tree care to foster better understanding and decision-making.

Have questions about Tree Care?

For all your tree services needs in Greater Victoria, get in touch with Advantage Tree Care to arrange an onsite visit with consultation.

8 Tree Care Tips for Spring

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With the arrival of spring in Victoria, BC our trees awaken from their winter dormancy, presenting a pivotal time for specialized care to ensure their health and vitality. Let’s not get too distracted by the charm of the cherry blossoms, there’s plenty other trees that need our attention!

As the lead ISA arborist at Advantage Tree Care, I’ve put together a list of eight essential care tips for homeowners, to make sure that your trees not only survive but thrive in the coming seasons.

And if you have any questions or need more information about a specific tree service, just pick up the phone. Help is one call away. 

8 Tree Care Tips for the Spring

  1. Inspection for Winter Damage: Begin with a thorough examination of your trees for any signs of winter damage or disease. Look for broken branches, trunk damage, or fungal growths that may indicate underlying health issues.
  2. Pruning with Precision: Early spring, before bud break, is ideal for pruning to remove dead, diseased, or weak limbs. Utilize proper pruning techniques to avoid unnecessary stress on the tree, focusing on maintaining the tree’s natural form and promoting healthy growth patterns.
  3. Mulching for Moisture and Nutrient Retention: Apply a fresh layer of organic mulch around the base of your trees. Ensure the mulch is not in direct contact with the trunk to prevent rot and disease. Mulch helps retain soil moisture and regulate temperature, as well as suppressing weeds.
  4. Soil Care and Fertilization: Test the soil to determine nutrient needs. In spring, a balanced, slow-release fertilizer can support vigorous growth. However, it’s crucial to tailor fertilization to the specific needs of each tree, considering local soil conditions in Victoria.
  5. Irrigation Adjustments: As the weather warms, adjust your watering schedule to meet your trees’ increased hydration needs. Employ deep-watering techniques to encourage deep root development, which is essential for drought resistance and overall health.
  6. Pest and Disease Monitoring: Early detection is key to managing pests and diseases. Familiarize yourself with common local tree health threats and inspect regularly. If you identify any concerns, consult with a professional arborist for diagnosis and treatment options.
  7. Support and Protection: For trees that have shown signs of weakness or are still establishing, consider the use of support stakes or guards against pests and mechanical damage. Properly installed, these supports can prevent structural damage and promote healthy growth.
  8. Arborist Consultation for Advanced Care: For specialized care or any concerns that arise during your spring inspection, seeking advice from a certified arborist is invaluable. At Advantage Tree Care, we’re equipped to address complex tree health issues, offering services from pruning to pest management tailored to the unique ecosystems of Victoria, BC.

Final Thoughts

Remember, each tree has its own set of requirements based on its species, age, and the conditions of its environment. By following these tips and employing a thoughtful approach to tree care, you’re not just maintaining your landscape; you’re investing in the future health and beauty of your property.

For any questions or to schedule a consultation, don’t hesitate to reach out and speak with a tree care professional. Advantage Tree Care serves all of Greater Victoria with reliable and affordable tree services including pruning, removals, tree health assessments, emergency tree work, & more.

Liked this post? Check out some other tree care resources

It’s Tree Pruning Season: Here are 5 Things You Need to Know
5 Tree Care Tips for Homeowners

Daniel Chamberlain

Daniel Chamberlain is ISA certified Arborist and founded Advantage Tree Care in 2008. Dan has over 20 years of experience in the Tree Service industry, from his beginnings in New Zealand where he had previously been working as an arborist, holding the journeyman arborist qualification. As a well respected arborist in the industry, Daniel’s hard work ethic and welcoming attitude has made ATC a successful tree care company as well as a safe and fun place to work. View ISA Certified Arborist profile

How to Handle Tree Suckers

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Does it seem like your tree is spawning alien offshoots? You’re not alone! Those sprouts growing around the base or along the branches of your tree are known as tree suckers. They’re sneaky little growths that can sap your tree’s energy and make it look less appealing. This article will guide you on how to handle these invaders, ensuring your tree remains healthy and attractive.

What Do They Look Like?

Tree suckers usually have a different appearance from the rest of the tree. They grow rapidly and have a ‘whippy’ growth habit, with leaves often smaller than those on the rest of the tree. 

Tree suckers, often emerging from the tree base or roots, grow more rapidly and haphazardly than regular branches. They have distinct features like smaller, lighter-colored leaves and slender, flexible branches. They may lack buds or flowers, or have lesser-quality ones if present. Notably, unlike the rest of the tree, suckers can sprout anytime, not adhering to the standard seasonal growth pattern.

Tree sucker

NOTE: Suckers found higher up on the tree are called watersprouts. Watersprouts are shoots that spring up from the branches or trunk of the tree. Like suckers, they can grow rapidly and absorb a disproportionate amount of the tree’s nutrients, and usually sprout from the site of an injury, like a pruning wound, a crack or some other damage.

Causes of Tree Suckers

This article perfectly explains why trees can become stressed and sprout suckers. They refer to the “hell strip”, which is the strip of grass or garden between the street and the sidewalk. This strip is often a very stressful place for a tree to grow, with poor soil that is flanked by concrete.

The soil gets compacted from the pressure on the paved surfaces, and the concrete generates a lot of additional heat. Trees that have been growing in the hell strip will not thrive and produce as well as their counterparts in healthy soil with ample room for roots. These trees will often have more diseases and pests, and they send up suckers as a response to the stress they are under.

Makes sense, doesn’t it? 

Learn more about the common tree diseases

Other causes of tree suckers

  1. Stress or Damage: As well as their environment we just mentioned, trees can experience stress due to factors such as drought, harsh weather conditions, soil compacting, or disease, and can react by producing tree suckers. 
  2. Improper Pruning: Pruning is an art and if done incorrectly or excessively, it can stimulate the growth of tree suckers. In other words, if you prune too much or at the wrong time, the tree might react by growing suckers.
  3. Grafting: In cases where a tree has been grafted, the rootstock (the part of the graft that provides the root system) can sometimes produce suckers. Grafted trees need special attention to prevent sucker growth.
  4. Poor Health: A tree in poor health is more likely to produce suckers. Lack of nutrients, inadequate sunlight, or the presence of pests and diseases can all lead to poor health and consequently, the emergence of tree suckers.
  5. Old Age: Older trees are more prone to stress, making them more likely to produce suckers.
  6. Certain Tree Species: Some tree species are just more prone to producing suckers than others. 
tree sucker

Reasons Not to Ignore Your Tree Suckers

Energy Drain from the Tree: Tree suckers can be compared to energy vampires. They drain the tree of its nutrients, leaving less for the growth and health of the main tree. Over time, this can lead to reduced growth, poor health, and even premature death of the tree.

Unwanted Growth and Appearance: A tree littered with suckers can lose its natural beauty and symmetry. The suckers often grow haphazardly, making the tree look unruly and unkempt. 

Increased Susceptibility to Diseases and Pests: Suckers, with their fast and often weak growth, can be more prone to diseases and pests. Once a disease or pest establishes itself on a sucker, it can spread to the rest of the tree.

Undermining Grafts: If your tree is grafted (one variety of tree joined with the root system of another), suckers can emerge from the rootstock and take over the tree, resulting in the loss of the desired variety. It’s like an unwelcome guest taking over your house!

SEE Related: What are the main advantages of pruning trees

Preventing the Growth of Tree Suckers

Remember, prevention is always better than cure. Taking these steps can go a long way in preventing the growth of tree suckers, helping to keep your trees healthy and beautiful.

  1. Proper Mulching: Mulching helps to regulate soil temperature and retain moisture, reducing the stress on the tree. Mulching should be done with organic material such as wood chips, and it should not be piled up against the trunk. Think of it as a blanket for the tree’s roots – it provides comfort and protection, reducing the tree’s likelihood of producing suckers.
  2. Avoid Over-Fertilizing: While fertilization is good, over-fertilization, especially with high-nitrogen fertilizers, can stimulate excessive and weak growth, leading to the development of suckers. Remember, it’s about balance. Too much of a good thing can sometimes be harmful!
  3. Regular Tree Inspection: Regularly inspect your trees for signs of stress or damage. If wounds are identified early, they can be treated before the tree responds by producing suckers. Think of it as a regular check-up, like the ones we have with our doctor to stay ahead of any health issues.
  4. Avoid Damaging Tree Roots: When landscaping or gardening around trees, avoid damaging the tree’s roots as this can stimulate sucker growth. If you’re digging a new flower bed, for example, be mindful of the tree’s roots. Treat them with the same care as you would the branches and leaves above ground.
  5. Proper Watering Techniques: Trees should be watered deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings. Overwatering can stress the tree and stimulate the growth of suckers. Imagine how you’d feel if you were constantly overfed – uncomfortable, right? It’s the same for trees.
  6. Use of Growth Regulators: If a tree is particularly prone to sucker growth, consider using a growth regulator. These products can help control and reduce sucker growth, but should be used judiciously and in accordance with their instructions to avoid any adverse effects.

Each tree is unique and what works best may vary, but these strategies can help in reducing the likelihood of tree sucker development.

The Verdict?

Handling tree suckers might seem like a Herculean task, but with the right knowledge and techniques, it’s definitely manageable. Remember, prevention is better than cure – and this holds true for tree suckers too. 

Once you’ve dealt with the suckers, it’s crucial to maintain your tree’s health to prevent future outbreaks. Regular inspections, correct watering, and fertilization practices can go a long way. Remember, a healthy tree is a happy tree.

Looking for more tree care tips?

Check out our other post 5 tree care tips for homeowners.

Need help from our Arborists?

Learn more about ATC’s tree services.

Can I cut down a tree on my property?

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Everything you need to know about cutting down a tree on your property. 

It depends! Most cities have tree preservation bylaws in place to protect some tree species and developing trees. Generally speaking you will need a permit to take down a protected tree and to be approved you’ll need to meet specific criteria. 

If a tree on your property is not protected by the city. It is always advisable to consult with a certified arborist to determine whether tree removal is actually necessary. There could be other ways to save your tree using techniques like pruning, cabling and bracing. 

Let’s explore some more of the questions around removing a tree on your property. 

Can I remove a tree from my property?

For the most part you’ll need a permit to remove a tree on your property, as most Greater Victoria region city bylaws are in favour of preservation where possible. 

If you want to take down a tree there are a number of factors that come into play like; the size of the tree, proximity to your home, it’s condition, and whether it’s deemed hazardous.

First, find out who you need to contact. The City of Victoria, Districts of Saanich and Langford etc, all have a separate set of regulations and application process. Let’s start with the City of Victoria. 

The Victoria Tree Protection bylaws

The purpose of the Tree Protection Bylaw is to provide for the protection and preservation of trees on private property, including those that are undergoing development. If you would like to prune, remove, or work in the protected zone, a permit may be required. 

What are the conditions for Tree removal in Victoria? 

The same tree protection bylaw outlines the conditions where a tree permit may be issued to cut or remove a bylaw protected tree. For instance, when:

  • a tree is considered hazardous and the risk cannot be mitigated using other methods
  • a tree is causing serious damage to your property
  • a tree is located within the building envelope defined in the issued development or building permit
  • a tree is dead, dying, diseased, or presents a hazard

Learn more about the conditions you need to meet for removing a tree.

See related: Should I Remove a Tree – Pros and Cons

What classifies as a protected tree?

You may need to apply for a tree permit if you are planning to prune or remove a protected tree on your property. Protected trees include:

  • A tree with a diameter over 30 cm
  • A hedge that contains any single stem with a diameter over 30 cm
  • Garry Oak (Quercus garryana), Arbutus (Arbutus menziesii), Pacific Yew (Taxus brevifolia) or Pacific Dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) over 50 cm in height measured above natural grade
  • A replacement tree
  • A tree that is protected by a restrictive covenant in favour of the City
  • A tree of any size that is on a slope where the slope grade is greater than 33 per cent over 10 metres
  • A tree of any size that is within 15 metres of the natural boundary of a watercourse

Are arbutus trees protected in BC?

Arbutus trees are protected in the city of Victoria and Saanich. They cannot be removed without special permits, which may be provided to remove dangerous trees.

Are Garry oak trees protected in BC?

In BC, Garry oak is not grown for timber production; in fact, it is considered an endangered species as it grows mainly on private lands which are being developed for urban dwellings.

What tree species are protected?

Trees Protected – when at least 2m tall or 4cm in diameter:

  • Arbutus
  • Garry Oak
  • Pacific Dogwood
  • Pacific Yew

Trees Protected when- diameter at breast height (1.4m) is 30cm or more:

  • Douglas Fir
  • Grand Fir
  • Big Leaf Maple
  • Western Red Cedar

What about tree pruning?

Generally speaking you do NOT need a permit to perform basic tree pruning on a protected tree when done in accordance with sound arboriculture practices. However, there are some special cases where pruning might require a permit. 

Are you planning to prune: 

  • Branches with a diameter >10 cm 
  • More than 25% of the total live foliage and bud bearing branches?

If yes to either, then a permit is required. 

Also Read: The Advantages of Pruning Trees

In Saanich, you will require a Tree Cutting Permit when pruning a:

  • Significant Tree;
  • Tree protected via a Covenant;
  • Tree’s root system; or to
  • Perform pruning that meets the definition of “altering” a protected tree (as defined in the Bylaw).

Tree Permits in your City

The ATC has put together a great resource on tree permits in Victoria. Please navigate to that page for more information on permits, what you will need and how to apply. 

The Verdict?

If a tree is NOT protected by the city bylaws, then yes you are allowed to prune or remove that tree. 

However, most trees in Greater Victoria fall under that “protected tree” category, so more often than not, you will need to complete a tree permit application.

If you live in Saanich, learn how you can apply to cut down a tree on your property.

Central Saanich residents go here for info on Tree Protection and Bylaws in your district.

Langley residents should refer to Langley City Bylaws

Your best source of more information on this topic is going to be the What You Need to Know About the New Tree Protection Bylaw PDF, created by the City of Victoria

Daniel Chamberlain

Daniel Chamberlain is ISA certified Arborist and founded Advantage Tree Care in 2008. Dan has over 20 years of experience in the Tree Service industry, from his beginnings in New Zealand where he had previously been working as an arborist, holding the journeyman arborist qualification. As a well respected arborist in the industry, Daniel’s hard work ethic and welcoming attitude has made ATC a successful tree care company as well as a safe and fun place to work. View ISA Certified Arborist profile

What Trees are Protected in Victoria BC? 

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The purpose of the Tree Protection Bylaws is to provide for the protection and preservation of trees on private property, including those that are undergoing development. If you would like to prune or remove a tree, or work in the protected zone, a permit may be required. 

What classifies as a protected tree?

You may need to apply for a tree permit if you are planning to prune or remove a protected tree on your property. Protected trees include:

  • A tree with a diameter over 30 cm
  • A hedge that contains any single stem with a diameter over 30 cm
  • Garry Oak (Quercus garryana), Arbutus (Arbutus menziesii), Pacific Yew (Taxus brevifolia) or Pacific Dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) over 50 cm in height measured above natural grade
  • A replacement tree
  • A tree that is protected by a restrictive covenant in favour of the City
  • A tree of any size that is on a slope where the slope grade is greater than 33 per cent over 10 metres
  • A tree of any size that is within 15 metres of the natural boundary of a watercourse

Protected trees in City of Victoria

Trees defined as “Protected” under the City of Victoria bylaw include

  • Arbutus.
  • Garry Oak.
  • Pacific Dogwood.
  • Pacific Yew.

Protected trees in Saanich

Trees defined as “Protected” under the bylaw. 

When a tree is defined as “Protected”, certain rules apply. For example you may require a permit to remove it, and Saanich can only issue permits for certain reasons, as per the Bylaw.

Trees are Protected for various reasons. From the tree type, size or its location, a rough guide of which trees are protected includes:

Trees Protected – when at least 2m tall or 4cm in diameter:

  • Arbutus
  • Garry Oak
  • Pacific Dogwood
  • Pacific Yew

Trees Protected when- diameter at breast height (1.4m) is 30cm or more:

  • Douglas Fir
  • Grand Fir
  • Big Leaf Maple
  • Western Red Cedar

Other ways trees are Protected in Saanich

  • Any other tree with a diameter of 60cm or more.
  • Any replacement tree.
  • Any tree over 10cm in diameter or 5m tall located in a Streamside Permit Area.
  • Any tree planted or retained through a subdivision application, development permit or other permit.
  • Significant Trees as listed in the Bylaw.
  • Any tree with evidence of a nest used by raptors, ospreys or herons.
  • Any tree growing on Saanich-owned property.

Trees may also have other forms of protection if registered on the Land Title under a Tree or Natural State Covenant. 

Protected trees in Colwood?

  • Arbutus (2m or greater in height OR 4cm or greater in diameter)
  • Garry Oak (2m or greater in height OR 4cm or greater in diameter)
  • Pacific Dogwood (2m or greater in height OR 4cm or greater in diameter)
  • Pacific Yew (2m or greater in height OR 4cm or greater in diameter)
  • Douglas Fir (30cm diameter or more)
  • Grand Fir (30cm diameter or more)
  • Big Leaf Maple (30cm diameter or more)
  • Western Red Cedar (30cm in diameter or more)

AND

  • any tree greater than 60 centimetres in diameter or more at chest height 
  • a retained tree identified on a tree protection plan
  • a replacement tree identified on a tree replacement plan
  • a wildlife tree (with nesting birds or animals – see the FAQ on this page).

Protected trees in Langford

Langford is the only municipality of 13 in the Capital Regional District without a specific tree-protection bylaw. Earlier in 2022, Langford council rejected a motion to develop a tree-­protection bylaw, saying the city’s development permit ­process is already protecting trees and environmentally ­sensitive areas.

Protected trees in North Saanich

The North Saanich Tree Protection Bylaw, which regulates the cutting, removal or damaging of trees on private property, was adopted in 2002. Since then, North Saanich’s urban forest and the challenges it faces have evolved. The District is reviewing its Tree Protection Bylaw to align with current best practices and conditions, while ensuring its responds to our community values. The review will include establishing requirements for replacing protected trees. 

This new draft bylaws 

  • Significant trees: All trees larger than 60 cm in diameter except cottonwood, red alder and willow
  • Trees in sensitive areas: All trees larger than 10 cm in diameter within the steep slope and environmental development permit areas
  • Protected species: Tree species greater than 10 cm in diameter, including: Arbutus, Garry oak, Pacific dogwood, Pacific yew, and shore pine
  • Replacement trees: Trees planted as a requirement of a tree permit

Summary 

If you live in Victoria, your best source of more information information on this topic is the What You Need to Know About the New Tree Protection Bylaw PDF, created by the City of Victoria

Reach out

If you are concerned about a tree and think it needs to be removed please contact us and we will arrange an onsite visit to provide a free assessment of the situation and offer you practical advice about the most effective way to move forward.

The Advantage Tree Care team offers a number of tree care and arborist services to residents all over Greater Victoria and Saanich. From tree removals and pruning, to health inspections and emergency tree services, we’ve got you covered.

Daniel Chamberlain

Daniel Chamberlain is ISA certified Arborist and founded Advantage Tree Care in 2008. Dan has over 20 years of experience in the Tree Service industry, from his beginnings in New Zealand where he had previously been working as an arborist, holding the journeyman arborist qualification. As a well respected arborist in the industry, Daniel’s hard work ethic and welcoming attitude has made ATC a successful tree care company as well as a safe and fun place to work. View ISA Certified Arborist profile

The Advantages of Pruning Trees

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As any tree-lover knows, there are many benefits to pruning trees. Not only does it help to keep them healthy and free of disease, but it also encourages new growth and can even reduce the costs associated with ongoing tree maintenance. 

To the layperson pruning a branch may seem like a simple act. However, there is a real art behind pruning trees from both a tree health and tree aesthetics point of view.

Of course, tree pruning is not a one-size-fits-all affair. The type of tree, as well as its age and location, all need to be taken into account when deciding how and when to prune. 

Let’s have a look at some of the advantages of pruning trees. 

Main Advantages of Pruning Trees

Depending on the location, species and age of your tree it can be advantageous to have a regular pruning regime to promote good air flow and to reduce potential structural failures. 

Tree pruning can be a great way to improve the health and appearance of your trees, as well as; 

  1. Increase sunlight penetration to ripen the shoots and fruit.
  2. Keep them healthy and free of disease
  3. Develop the structure of the tree so it can support the weight of the fruit
  4. Improve a tree’s overall health, structure, and appearance

Lastly, pruning can also be great alternative to tree removals. The goal is to retain as much of the natural environment as possible, and pruning can help prevent unnecessary tree removals within our beautiful communities.

Can I prune trees myself?

Of course you can do it yourself, no-one is stopping you, but you’ve got to weigh up the risks of DIY tree pruning. Danger to your property, injury risk to yourself, and long term damage to your trees through improper pruning.

Tree pruning is not without its challenges. Pruning can be difficult to do correctly, and it is important to avoid damaging the tree, or injuring yourself for that matter. 

In most cases, tree pruning is best left to tree care specialists who have the experience and know-how, and who can ensure that your trees are properly cared for. 

Having your trees pruned by an Arborist

When you have your tree pruned by a certified arborist you benefit on multiple levels, most importantly;

  • Tree health is maintained
  • On-going maintenance costs are reduced
  • The tree’s natural shape and aesthetics are preserved
  • And, we’ve got the right safety gear – which is always a bonus:)

At Advantage Tree Care, we pride ourselves in the highest quality craftsmanship when it comes to pruning trees and tree care. 

The best tree pruning in Victoria
Certified Arborist tree pruning and tree trimming in Victoria BC

Pruning in urban environments

In urban areas, a lot of the drivers for pruning trees are due to them being “in the way” of human or building needs and frequently it is more about solving these needs than addressing the needs of the tree. 

As arborists we are continually having to get creative with how to achieve what the client wants, whilst maintaining the tree’s health and aesthetics. 

The different types of pruning methods

Tree Pruning involves a range of techniques. The most popular of these tree pruning methods are crown thinning, reduction, raising, and crown cleaning. The crown of the tree is essential for producing leaves for photosynthesis. Without a healthy and strong crown, the rest of the tree will become weaker over time. 

Some examples of the tree pruning methods we use include 

  1. Structural pruning
  2. Tree reductions
  3. Tree thinning
  4. Building clearance
  5. Dead wood removal
  6. Hazard prevention pruning
  7. Restorative pruning (when the tree has previously be poorly pruned)
  8. Fruit tree pruning – apple trees and other fruit tree pruning
  9. Sensitive species pruning e.g. Garry Oak

If you want more, here is a great video on the ABC’s of Tree Pruning

Pruning Garry Oak

ATC has extensive experience and we enjoy working with Garry Oaks. They are a valuable tree in our Ecosystem so much so that Oak Bay was named after the Garry Oak. Learn more about pruning Garry Oak

Fruit Tree Pruning

Fruit tree pruning is an art of its own within the tree pruning world. There are multiple methods for pruning fruit trees depending on the overall purpose of the tree, the species and the desired form (shape) it has been trained to. 

With fruit trees you can also prune the fruit to enhance fruit size and quality.if you don’t have the confidence to take care of your own fruit trees best to reach out to a tree care company for assistance.  

Summary

Tree pruning is often seen as tree care’s dark and mysterious art. Many people are afraid to prune their trees, thinking they will do more harm than good. 

Having your tree pruned regularly is actually a very important part of tree care. Pruning can help to stimulate new growth, remove diseased or damaged branches, and promote fruit production in fruit trees. In addition, pruning can help to increase air circulation and sunlight penetration, both of which are essential for tree health. 

If you think your trees are in need of a little TLC with some regular pruning, don’t be afraid to give your local tree pruners ATC a call, we’d be happy to explain in more detail how our service works. 

Daniel Chamberlain

Daniel Chamberlain is ISA certified Arborist and founded Advantage Tree Care in 2008. Dan has over 20 years of experience in the Tree Service industry, from his beginnings in New Zealand where he had previously been working as an arborist, holding the journeyman arborist qualification. As a well respected arborist in the industry, Daniel’s hard work ethic and welcoming attitude has made ATC a successful tree care company as well as a safe and fun place to work. View ISA Certified Arborist profile

What can an arborist help with?

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Advantage Tree Care high quality tree service company in Victoria BC
Advantage Tree Care, tree service company serving all of Greater Victoria

Arborists have a diverse skillset to help with many different tree care challenges, including expertise with working at height from ropes, operating chainsaws, and other machinery. 

Arborists also have a good understanding of tree biology, physics and ecology with extensive tree identification knowledge, and this help us to deliver effective tree care whilst also managing and mitigating risks to people, property and trees.

Here are some of the Arborist and tree care services offered by Advantage Tree Care:

  • Arborist Consulting
  • Tree Diagnostics
  • Tree Health Inspections
  • Tree Pruning
  • Fruit Tree Pruning
  • Tree Removals
  • Stump Grinding and Removal
  • Tree Protection
  • Tree Risk Assessment
  • Tree Valuation
  • Training and Education
  • Emergency Tree Services
  • Commercial Property tree services
  • Specialized care for Protected Trees like Gary Oak, Arbutus, Douglas Fir etc
  • Storm Damage Tree Restoration
  • Tree transplanting (please inquire)
  • Deep Root fertilization

How to get started?

For a quotation and onsite visit, please call 250-508-4445, or visit our contact page to send us a message.

Our friendly, professional approach allows us to work with you to ensure your expectations and requirements are met in a safe and efficient way. For all your arborist tree service needs in Victoria and beyond, give Advantage Tree Care a call. 

Daniel Chamberlain

Daniel Chamberlain is ISA certified Arborist and founded Advantage Tree Care in 2008. Dan has over 20 years of experience in the Tree Service industry, from his beginnings in New Zealand where he had previously been working as an arborist, holding the journeyman arborist qualification. As a well respected arborist in the industry, Daniel’s hard work ethic and welcoming attitude has made ATC a successful tree care company as well as a safe and fun place to work. View ISA Certified Arborist profile